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Cato the Younger

(Encyclopedia)Cato the Younger or Cato of Utica, 95 b.c.–46 b.c., Roman statesman, whose full name was Marcus Porcius Cato; great-grandson of Cato the Elder. Reared by his uncle Marcus Livius Drusus, he showed an...

Clodius

(Encyclopedia)Clodius (Publius Clodius Pulcher) klōˈdēəs [key], d. 52 b.c., Roman politician. He belonged to the Claudian gens (see Claudius), and his name is also written as Publius Claudius Pulcher. He was br...

Vanini, Lucilio

(Encyclopedia)Vanini, Lucilio lo͞ochēˈlyō vänēˈnē [key], c.1585–1619, Italian philosopher, who gave himself the name Julius Caesar. A freethinker, he was persecuted for his ideas and driven from one Europ...

Ptolemy XIII

(Encyclopedia)Ptolemy XIII, 61?–47 b.c., king of ancient Egypt (51–47 b.c.), of the Macedonian dynasty; son of Ptolemy XII. On the death of his father he was under the guardianship of Pompey. He was completely ...

Fréjus

(Encyclopedia)Fréjus frāzhüsˈ [key], town, Var dept., SE France. With adjoining Fréjus-Plage, located ...

Deal

(Encyclopedia)Deal, town, Kent, SE England, on the Downs, an important passage for Channel shipping. It is a popular holiday resort. There is some boat building. Othe...

dictator

(Encyclopedia)dictator, originally a Roman magistrate appointed to rule the state in times of emergency; in modern usage, an absolutist or autocratic ruler who assumes extraconstitutional powers. From 501 b.c. unti...

Held, Julius Samuel

(Encyclopedia)Held, Julius Samuel, 1905–2002, American art historian, b. Germany. Held immigrated to the United States in 1934. In 1937 he began to teach at Barnard College, where he was professor of art history ...

Julius I, Saint

(Encyclopedia)Julius I, Saint, pope (337–52), a Roman; successor of St. Marcus. In the controversy over Arianism, when both sides appealed to him for support, he convened a synod at Rome (340), at which were pres...

Jauregg, Julius Wagner

(Encyclopedia)Jauregg, Julius Wagner: see Wagner-Jauregg. ...