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Granger, Clive William John

(Encyclopedia)Granger, Clive William John, 1934–2009, British economist, b. Swansea, Wales, Ph.D. Univ. of Nottingham, 1959. A specialist in econometrics, the use of statistics to study the economy, Granger taugh...

Romer, Paul Michael

(Encyclopedia)Romer, Paul Michael, 1955–, American economist, b. Denver, Ph.D. Univ. of Chicago, 1983. He has taught at the Univ. of Rochester (1982–88), Univ. of Chicago (1988–90), Univ. of California at Ber...

Smith, Vernon Lomax

(Encyclopedia)Smith, Vernon Lomax, 1927–, American economist, b. Wichita, Kans., Ph.D. Harvard, 1955. He has taught at Purdue Univ. (1955–67), the Univ. of Massachusetts (1968–75), the Univ. of Arizona (1975â...

Baker, George Pierce

(Encyclopedia)Baker, George Pierce, 1866–1935, American educator, b. Providence, R.I., grad. Harvard, 1887. He taught (1888–1924) in the English department at Harvard and there conceived and instituted (1906) t...

Twachtman, John Henry

(Encyclopedia)Twachtman, John Henry twäktˈmən [key], 1853–1902, American landscape painter and etcher, b. Cincinnati. He studied in Cincinnati under Duveneck and in Munich and Paris, but was influenced princip...

Tinbergen, Jan

(Encyclopedia)Tinbergen, Jan yän tĭnˈbĕrˌgən [key], 1903–94, Dutch economist, co-winner with Ragnar Frisch of the first Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (1969). A graduate of Leiden Univ. (1929), h...

Varmus, Harold Eliot

(Encyclopedia)Varmus, Harold Eliot, 1939–, American microbiologist, b. Oceanside, N.Y., M.D. Columbia Univ., 1966. A professor at the Univ. of California School of Medicine in San Francisco, Varmus and his co-res...

Sims, Christopher Albert

(Encyclopedia)Sims, Christopher Albert, 1942–, American economist, b. Washington, D.C., Ph.D. Harvard (1968). Sims has taught at Harvard (1967–70), the Univ. of Minnesota (1970–90), Yale (1990–99), and Prin...

Vickrey, William Spencer

(Encyclopedia)Vickrey, William Spencer, 1914–96, Canadian economist, b. Victoria, B.C., Ph.D. Columbia, 1947. He was on the faculty of Columbia from 1946 until his death. In 1996 he and James Mirrlees shared the ...

Fort Sumter

(Encyclopedia)Fort Sumter, fortification, built 1829–60, on a shoal at the entrance to the harbor of Charleston, S.C., and named for Gen. Thomas Sumter; scene of the opening engagement of the Civil War. Upon pass...

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