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Smithson, Robert

(Encyclopedia)Smithson, Robert, 1938–73, American sculptor, b. Passaic, N.J. After first making modular, serial sculpture, Smithson began to design large-scale earthworks (see land art) in the 1960s. Smithson res...

Vaux, Calvert

(Encyclopedia)Vaux, Calvert vôks [key], 1824–95, American landscape architect, b. London. He emigrated (1850) to the United States, and assisted A. J. Downing with the U.S. Capitol grounds and a number of Hudson...

Huysmans, Cornelis

(Encyclopedia)Huysmans, Cornelis kōrˈnālĭs hoisˈmäns [key], 1648–1727, Flemish painter of landscapes and religious subjects. Most of his life was spent in Malines. His landscapes, painted with a broad brush...

Bellows, George Wesley

(Encyclopedia)Bellows, George Wesley, 1882–1925, American painter, draftsman, and lithographer, b. Columbus, Ohio. The son of an engineer, architect, and builder, he left Ohio State Univ. in his senior year to st...

Mellon, Paul

(Encyclopedia)Mellon, Paul, 1907–99, American philanthropist and art collector, b. Pittsburgh. The son of Andrew W. Mellon, he attended Yale (B.A., 1929) and Clare College, Cambridge (A.B., 1931). He worked brief...

Elmhurst

(Encyclopedia)Elmhurst, city (2020 pop. 45,786), Du Page co., NE Ill., a suburb of Chicago; settled 1843, inc. 1910. A residential city, it also has three industrial ...

Doughty, Thomas

(Encyclopedia)Doughty, Thomas, 1793–1856, American painter of the Hudson River school, b. Philadelphia. Although self-taught, he was one of the first American landscape painters to win widespread recognition at h...

Costa, Lorenzo

(Encyclopedia)Costa, Lorenzo lōrĕnˈtsō kōˈstä [key], 1460–1535, Italian painter of the Ferrarese and Bolognese schools. Trained in the manner of such painters as Tura and Cossa, he modified the strident Fe...

Flötner, Peter

(Encyclopedia)Flötner or Flettner, Peter pāˈtər flötˈnər, flĕtˈnər [key], c.1485–1546, German medalist and artisan, possibly Swiss by birth. He was active in decorative sculpture, wood carving, and othe...

Clodion

(Encyclopedia)Clodion klōd mēshĕlˈ [key], 1738–1814, French rococo sculptor. He executed several important commissions under Louis XVI but is best remembered for his bas-reliefs and small figure groups in bro...