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John III, king of Poland

(Encyclopedia)John III (John Sobieski) sôbyĕˈskē [key], 1624–96, king of Poland (1674–96), champion of Christian Europe against the Ottomans. Born to an ancient noble family, he was appointed (1668) command...

Lyons, Second Council of

(Encyclopedia)Lyons, Second Council of, 1274, 14th ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. It was summoned by Pope Gregory X to discuss problems in the Holy Land, to remove the schism of East and West, and...

Sicilian Vespers

(Encyclopedia)Sicilian Vespers, in Italian history, name given the rebellion staged by the Sicilians against the Angevin French domination of Sicily; the rebellion broke out at Palermo at the start of Vespers on Ea...

Marie de' Medici

(Encyclopedia)Marie de' Medici mĕdˈĭchē [key], 1573–1642, queen of France, second wife of King Henry IV and daughter of Francesco de' Medici, grand duke of Tuscany. She was married to Henry in 1600. After his...

Romanus IV

(Encyclopedia)Romanus IV (Romanus Diogenes) dīŏjˈənēz [key], d. 1072, Byzantine emperor (1068–71). A Cappadocian general, he succeeded Constantine X by marrying his widow, Eudocia Macrembolitissa. After some...

Jones, Henry Arthur

(Encyclopedia)Jones, Henry Arthur, 1851–1929, English playwright. His reputation was first established with the melodrama The Silver King (with Henry Herman; 1882). Strongly influenced by the great Norwegian play...

Kostroma

(Encyclopedia)Kostroma kəstrəmäˈ [key], city (1989 pop. 278,000), capital of Kostroma region, E European Russia, on the Volga at the mouth of the Kostroma River. It is a major linen-milling and textile machiner...

Sankt Wolfgang

(Encyclopedia)Sankt Wolfgang vôlfˈgäng [key], town, Upper Austria prov., in the Salzkammergut, on the Wolfgang See, a lake. It is a popular resort, famous for the White Horse Inn. A noteworthy attraction is the ...

Sinaia

(Encyclopedia)Sinaia sēnīˈä [key], town (1990 pop. 15,817), S central Romania, in Walachia, in the Transylvanian Alps. It is a health and winter sports resort and has a metalworking plant and manufactures such ...

Munkácsy, Mihály

(Encyclopedia)Munkácsy, Mihály mĭˈhälyə mo͝onˈkächĭ [key], 1844–1909, Hungarian genre and historical painter, whose original name was Michael Lieb. In 1868 he went to Düsseldorf, where he painted The L...