Columbia Encyclopedia

Search results

500 results found

Great Society

(Encyclopedia)Great Society, in U.S. history, term for the domestic policies of President Lyndon Johnson. In his first State of the Union message, he called for a war on poverty and the creation of a “Great Socie...

Meiklejohn, Alexander

(Encyclopedia)Meiklejohn, Alexander mĭkˈəljŏn [key], 1872–1964, American educator, b. Rochdale, England, grad. Brown Univ., 1893, Ph.D. Cornell, 1897. He taught philosophy at Brown (1897–1912), serving as d...

Summerhill

(Encyclopedia)Summerhill, radical progressive school in Leiston, Suffolk, England, and the educational movement based on principles developed at the school. The school was founded (1924) by A. S. Neill, who headed ...

Russell, William Fletcher

(Encyclopedia)Russell, William Fletcher, 1890–1956, American educator, b. Delhi, N.Y., grad. Cornell, 1910, Ph.D. Columbia, 1914; son of James Earl Russell. He was dean (1917–23) of the College of Education, St...

Chisum, John Simpson

(Encyclopedia)Chisum, John Simpson chĭzˈəm [key], 1824–84, American cattleman, b. Tennessee. In 1837 he moved with his family to Texas. He had no formal education but worked as a builder and contractor, buildi...

Yamagata, Aritomo

(Encyclopedia)Yamagata, Aritomo ärēˈtōmō yämäˈgätä [key], 1838–1922, Japanese soldier and statesman, chief founder of the modern Japanese army. A samurai of Choshu, he took part in the Meiji restoration...

Gallaudet, Thomas Hopkins

(Encyclopedia)Gallaudet, Thomas Hopkins gălˌədĕtˈ, gôˈlə– [key], 1787–1851, American educator of the deaf, b. Philadelphia, grad. Andover Theological Seminary. In England and France he studied methods o...

coal

(Encyclopedia)coal, fuel substance of plant origin, largely or almost entirely composed of carbon with varying amounts of mineral matter. Coal is found in beds or seams interstratified with shales, clays, sands...

Warner, William Lloyd

(Encyclopedia)Warner, William Lloyd, 1898–1970, U.S. social anthropologist, b. Redlands, Calif., B.A., Univ. of California, Berkeley, 1925. After studying the Australian aborigines (1927–29), he applied the res...

Sheboygan

(Encyclopedia)Sheboygan shĭboiˈgən [key], city (1990 pop. 49,676), seat of Sheboygan co., E Wis., a port of entry on Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Sheboygan River; inc. 1853. Plastics, stainless-steel items,...