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Gasquet, Francis Aidan

(Encyclopedia)Gasquet, Francis Aidan găsˈkĭt [key], 1846–1929, English prelate and scholar, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, a Benedictine. In historical studies of English religious and social life in t...

Laon

(Encyclopedia)Laon läN [key], commercial town (1990 pop. 28,670), capital of Aisne dept., N France. It has forges, a printing plant, and factories that make heating equipment and metal goods. Situated on a rocky h...

Pastor, Ludwig, Freiherr von

(Encyclopedia)Pastor, Ludwig, Freiherr von lo͞otˈvĭkh frīˈhĕr fən päsˈtôr [key], 1854–1928, German historian. The author of the monumental and authoritative History of the Popes from the Close of the Mi...

variation, in music

(Encyclopedia)variation, in music, a compositional device in which certain features of a musical unit, e.g., phase, are altered while others are retained in a subsequent statement of the unit. Modifications include...

Schmalkalden

(Encyclopedia)Schmalkalden shmälˈkälˌdən [key], town (1994 pop. 16,096), Thuringia, central Germany. It has been a metalworking center since the Middle Ages, and its manufactures include tools, kitchen utensil...

Carlisle, city, England

(Encyclopedia)Carlisle, city and district, Cumbria, NW England, near the junction of the Caldew, Eden, and Petteril rivers. The city of Carlisle is an important rail ...

Putnam, George Haven

(Encyclopedia)Putnam, George Haven, 1844–1930, American publisher, b. England; son of G. P. Putnam. He served in the Civil War until he was captured by the Confederates in 1864; he retired with the rank of major....

ornament, in music

(Encyclopedia)ornament, in music, notes added to a melodic line for the purpose of embellishment or decoration, often called graces. Ornamentation was practiced as early as the Middle Ages by the singers of plainso...

mast

(Encyclopedia)mast, large metal or timber pole secured vertically or nearly vertically in a ship, used primarily for supporting sails and rigging. The mast is as old as sailing vessels, and the oldest sailboats dep...

Deventer

(Encyclopedia)Deventer, city, Overijssel prov., E central Netherlands, on the IJssel River. It is an industrial center with machine shops and foundries; important man...