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Gorchakov, Mikhail Dmitreyevich, Prince

(Encyclopedia)Gorchakov, Mikhail Dmitreyevich, Prince gərchəkôfˈ [key], 1793–1861, Russian general. He served in the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29, the suppression of the Polish insurrection (1830–31), an...

Loris-Melikov, Mikhail Tarielovich

(Encyclopedia)Loris-Melikov, Mikhail Tarielovich mēkhəyēlˈ təryĕlˈəvĭch lôˈrĭs-mĕˈlyĭkəf [key], 1826–88, Russian general and statesman, of Armenian descent. He was created count for his services i...

Saltykov-Shchedrin, Mikhail Evgrafovich

(Encyclopedia)Saltykov-Shchedrin, Mikhail Evgrafovich mēkhəyēlˈ yĭvgräˈfəvĭch sälˈtĭkôf-shchĕˈdrēn [key], 1826–89, Russian novelist and satirist. Saltykov-Shchedrin was a master of the satirical s...

Smolensk

(Encyclopedia)Smolensk smōlĕnskˈ, smô–, Rus. sməlyĕnskˈ [key], city (1989 pop. 341,000), capital of Smolensk region, W European Russia, a port on the Dnieper River. It is an important rail junction, a dist...

Carr, Edward Hallett

(Encyclopedia)Carr, Edward Hallett, 1892–1982, English political scientist and historian. Educated at Cambridge, he was in the diplomatic service until 1936, professor of international relations (1936–47) at Un...

Goncharova, Natalie Sergeyevna

(Encyclopedia)Goncharova or Gontcharova, Natalie Sergeyevna nətälˈyə sĕrˌgəyāvˈnə gənchərôˈvə [key], 1881–1962, Russian painter and designer. After studying painting in Moscow, she met Mikhail Lari...

Artzybasheff, Boris

(Encyclopedia)Artzybasheff, Boris ärtsĭbäˈshĕf [key], 1899–1965, American draftsman, illustrator, writer, and cartoonist, b. Kharkiv, Russia (now in Ukraine); son of Mikhail Petrovich Artzybashev. In 1919 he...

Chernenko, Konstantin Ustinovich

(Encyclopedia)Chernenko, Konstantin Ustinovich kŏstəntyēēnˈ ōōstyēēnˈəvich chĭrnyĕnˈkô [key], 1911–85, Soviet political leader. A protégé of Leonid Brezhnev, he rose through Communist party ranks...

perestroika

(Encyclopedia)perestroika pərˈĕstroyˈkə [key], Soviet economic and social policy of the late 1980s. Perestroika [restructuring] was the term attached to the attempts (1985–91) by Mikhail Gorbachev to transfo...

Weidman, Charles

(Encyclopedia)Weidman, Charles, 1901–75, American modern dancer and choreographer, b. Lincoln, Neb. Weidman performed with the troupe formed by Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn from 1920 to 1927, when he and Doris Hu...