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Ducommun, Élie

(Encyclopedia)Ducommun, Élie ālēˈ dükômöNˈ [key], 1833–1906, Swiss journalist and pacifist. He organized (1891) the International Peace Bureau at Bern and shared the 1902 Nobel Peace Prize with C. A. Goba...

Dam, Henrik

(Encyclopedia)Dam, Henrik hănˈrēk däm [key], 1895–1976, Danish biochemist. He identified vitamin K in 1934 and later investigated the role of vitamin E in nutrition. The 1943 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medi...

Altman, Sidney

(Encyclopedia)Altman, Sidney, 1939–, Canadian-American molecular biologist, b. Montreal, Ph.D., Univ. of Colorado, 1967. A professor at Yale Univ. since 1971, he discovered that RNA could function as enzymes; it ...

Franck, James

(Encyclopedia)Franck, James frängk [key], 1882–1964, German physicist. He was professor of physics at Göttingen and at Johns Hopkins (1935–38) and professor of physical chemistry at the Univ. of Chicago from ...

Heymans, Corneille

(Encyclopedia)Heymans, Corneille kôrnāˈyə hīˈmäns [key], 1892–1968, Belgian physiologist. His contributions to the physiology of circulation include a study of the sensory mechanism through which arterial ...

Heyrovsky, Jaroslav

(Encyclopedia)Heyrovsky, Jaroslav, 1890–1967, Czech chemist, Ph.D. Charles Univ. of Prague, 1918; D.Sc. University College, London, 1921. Heyrovsky was director of the Polarography Institute at the Czechoslovak A...

Heyse, Paul

(Encyclopedia)Heyse, Paul poul hīˈzə [key], 1830–1914, German realistic writer. Besides the 120 novellas on which his reputation rests, he wrote some 50 plays, 6 novels, and many fine translations, especially ...

Hodgkin, Sir Alan Lloyd

(Encyclopedia)Hodgkin, Sir Alan Lloyd, 1914–98, English biophysicist. For their work in analyzing the electrical and chemical events in nerve-cell discharge, he and Andrew Huxley shared with Sir John Eccles the 1...

Friends Service Council

(Encyclopedia)Friends Service Council (FSC), standing committee est. 1927 by the Religious Society of Friends that was responsible for the overseas work of Quakers from Great Britain and Ireland. Devoted to Quaker ...

Amnesty International

(Encyclopedia)Amnesty International (AI,) human-rights organization founded in 1961 by Englishman Peter Benenson; it campaigns internationally against the detention of prisoners of conscience, for the fair trial of...