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constipation

(Encyclopedia)constipation, infrequent or difficult passage of feces. Constipation may be caused by the lack of adequate roughage or fluid in the diet, prolonged physical inactivity, certain drugs, or emotional dis...

Schober, Johann

(Encyclopedia)Schober, Johann yōˈhän shōˈbər [key], 1874–1932, Austrian chancellor (1921–22, 1929–30). A respected career civil servant, he held the key post of head of the Vienna police after July, 191...

Schulze-Delitzsch, Hermann

(Encyclopedia)Schulze-Delitzsch, Hermann hĕrˈmän sho͝olˈtsə-dāˈlĭch [key], 1808–83, German liberal politician and economic reformer. Believing in economic self-help by cooperative associations, he founde...

propylaeum

(Encyclopedia)propylaeum prŏpĭlēˈəm [key], in Greek architecture, a monumental entrance to a sacred enclosure, group of buildings, or citadel. A roofed passage terminated by a row of columns at each end formed...

Parkes, Sir Henry

(Encyclopedia)Parkes, Sir Henry, 1815–96, Australian political leader, b. England. He emigrated to Australia in 1839 and later founded a newspaper, the Empire, to advocate responsible government and an end to the...

Oliver, Andrew

(Encyclopedia)Oliver, Andrew, 1706–74, lieutenant governor of colonial Massachusetts (1771–73), b. Boston. Oliver was elected to the provincial council in 1746 and later served as secretary of the province. His...

Carpenter, Mary

(Encyclopedia)Carpenter, Mary, 1807–77, English educator. She devoted her life to the establishment of schools and institutions and the promotion of educational reforms. In 1835 she organized the Working and Visi...

Castel Sant' Angelo

(Encyclopedia)Castel Sant' Angelo kästĕlˈ säntänˈjālō [key], Hadrian's Mausoleum, or Hadrian's Mole, massive round construction on the right bank of the Tiber in Rome. Originally built (a.d. 135–39) by Em...

Block, Adriaen

(Encyclopedia)Block, Adriaen, fl. 1610–24, Dutch navigator. Eager to establish a fur trade with the Native Americans, Amsterdam merchants sent (1613) Block and another Dutch navigator to explore the region discov...

Liard

(Encyclopedia)Liard lēˈärdˌ [key], river, 755 mi (1,215 km) long, rising in the Pelly Mts., SE Yukon, Canada, and flowing SE into N British Columbia, passing through the main range of the Rocky Mts., thence nor...