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Polish Succession, War of the

(Encyclopedia)Polish Succession, War of the, 1733–35. On the death (1733) of Augustus II of Poland, Stanislaus I sought to reascend the Polish throne. He was supported by his son-in-law, Louis XV of France. The r...

Noteć

(Encyclopedia)Noteć nôˈtĕch [key], river, c.270 mi (430 km) long, NW Poland. It rises S of Inowrocław and flows generally W into the Warta River near Gorzów Wielkopolski. The Noteć is connected by the Bydgos...

Majdanek

(Encyclopedia)Majdanek or Maidanek mīdäˈnĕk [key], village, Lubelskie prov., SE Poland, a suburb of Lublin. The Germans established and operated a concentration camp there in World War II. An estimated 170,000 ...

Vinnytsya

(Encyclopedia)Vinnytsya vĭnˈĭtsyə [key], Rus. Vinnitsa, city (1989 pop. 374,000), capital of Vinnytsya region, in Podolia, Ukraine, on the Southern Buh River. A railroad junction in a sugar beet district, the c...

Charles I, king of Hungary

(Encyclopedia)Charles I, 1288–1342, king of Hungary (1308–42), founder of the Angevin dynasty in Hungary; grandson of Charles II of Naples, who had married a daughter of Stephen V of Hungary. On the death (1301...

Gomułka, Władysław

(Encyclopedia)Gomułka, Władysław vwädĭsˈwäf gəmo͝oˈkə [key], 1905–82, Polish Communist leader. Long a Communist, he helped establish the Polish Workers' party and was (1943–49) secretary of its centr...

Eric XIV

(Encyclopedia)Eric XIV, 1533–77, king of Sweden (1560–68), son and successor of Gustavus I. To strengthen the power of the crown, he limited (1561) the privileges of the royal dukes. He forbade the marriage of ...

Mazowiecki, Tadeusz

(Encyclopedia)Mazowiecki, Tadeusz tädāˈo͞osh mäzōvēĕtˈskē [key], 1927–2013, Polish journalist and political leader, prime minister of Poland (Aug., 1989– Jan., 1991). He attended Warsaw Univ. and from...

Casimir III

(Encyclopedia)Casimir III, 1310–70, king of Poland (1333–70), son of Ladislaus I and last of the Piast dynasty. Called Casimir the Great, he brought comparative peace to Poland. By the Congress of Visegrad (133...

Eisenhüttenstadt

(Encyclopedia)Eisenhüttenstadt īˌzənhütˈənshtät [key], city, Brandenburg, E Germany; on the Oder River at the border with ...