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Smith, Robert

(Encyclopedia)Smith, Robert, 1757–1842, U.S. government official, b. Lancaster, Pa. Admitted to the bar in 1786, he practiced law in Baltimore before serving in the Maryland state senate (1793–95) and in the Ba...

Rankin, Jeannette

(Encyclopedia)Rankin, Jeannette, 1880–1973, American pacifist, b. Missoula, Mont. She was active in social work and campaigned for woman suffrage. A Republican, she was the first woman in the United States to ser...

Barbosa, Ruy

(Encyclopedia)Barbosa, Ruy ro͞oˈē bärbōˈsä [key], 1849–1923, Brazilian jurist, writer, and statesman. He was largely responsible for the republican constitution of Brazil and was the champion of law and li...

Carlile, Richard

(Encyclopedia)Carlile, Richard kärlīlˈ [key], 1790–1843, English journalist, reformer, and freethinker. For his radical writings and efforts to secure the freedom of the press, he spent over nine years in pris...

Quids

(Encyclopedia)Quids, in U.S. political history, an extreme states' rights group of Jeffersonian Republicans led by John Randolph of Virginia. Feeling that Thomas Jefferson and James Madison had retreated from the s...

Giuliani, Rudolph William

(Encyclopedia)Giuliani, Rudolph William jo͞oˌlē-äˈnē [key], 1944–, American government official, b. Brooklyn, N.Y. He attended Manhattan College and studied law at New York Univ. In the Justice Dept. as ass...

Görgey, Arthur

(Encyclopedia)Görgey, Arthur görˈgĕĭ [key], 1818–1916, Hungarian revolutionary general. He fought the Austrians in 1848–49 as a commander of the Hungarian republican army and distinguished himself as a str...

Morton, Levi Parsons

(Encyclopedia)Morton, Levi Parsons, 1824–1920, American banker, Vice President of the United States (1889–93), b. Shoreham, Vt. He engaged in business in Hanover, N.Y., and in Boston before organizing (1863) th...

Lovejoy, Owen

(Encyclopedia)Lovejoy, Owen, 1811–64, American abolitionist, b. Albion, Maine, educated at Bowdoin College. He witnessed the killing of his brother Elijah P. Lovejoy, under whom he had studied for the ministry. T...

Calderón Sol, Armando

(Encyclopedia)Calderón Sol, Armando, 1948–2017, Salvadoran political leader, , b. San Salvador, J.D. Univ. of El Salvador, 1977. A member of the right-wing National Republican Alliance, he held several positions...