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Przhevalsky, Nikolai Mikhailovich

(Encyclopedia)Przhevalsky, Nikolai Mikhailovich nyĭkəlīˈ mēkhīˈləvĭch pərzhĭvälˈskē [key], 1839–88, Russian geographer and explorer in central and E Asia. He made five major expeditions—one to the...

Aulard, Alphonse

(Encyclopedia)Aulard, Alphonse älfôNsˈ ōlärˈ [key], 1849–1928, French historian. He was the first professional historian of the French Revolution, and he devoted his life to this study. A professor at the U...

Kamchatka

(Encyclopedia)Kamchatka kămchătˈkə [key], peninsula, 104,200 sq mi (269,878 sq km), Kamchatka Territory, Russian Far East, separating the Sea of Okhotsk in the west from the Bering Sea and the Pacific Ocean in ...

Khodorkovsky, Mikhail Borisovich

(Encyclopedia)Khodorkovsky, Mikhail Borisovich mēkhəyēlˈ bərēˈsəvĭch kōdôrkôfˈskē [key], 1963–, Russian business executive. In the waning years of the Soviet Union, he ran a computer import business...

Frug, Simeon Samuel

(Encyclopedia)Frug, Simeon Samuel sĭmyônˈ səmo͞oēlˈ fro͞ok [key], 1860–1916, Russian-Jewish lyricist and writer. His poems, dealing mainly with Zionist themes, appeared in Russian and Jewish periodicals u...

Apraksin, Feodor Matveyevich

(Encyclopedia)Apraksin, Feodor Matveyevich fyôˈdər mətvyāˈəvĭch əpräkˈsyĭn [key], 1671–1728, Russian admiral. He helped Peter I (Peter the Great) create the Russian navy and won several naval battles ...

Budenny, Semyon Mikhailovich

(Encyclopedia)Budenny, Semyon Mikhailovich sĭmyôn mēkhīˈləvĭch bo͞odyôˈnē [key], 1883–1973, Russian marshal. A sergeant major in the czarist cavalry, he joined the Communist party in 1919, helped to or...

Tchernaiev, Mikhail Grigoryevich

(Encyclopedia)Tchernaiev or Chernyaiev, Mikhail Grigoryevich mēkhəyēlˈ grĭgôrˈyəvĭch chĭrnyīˈəf [key], 1828–98, Russian general and Pan-Slavist. Sent on a minor mission to central Asia in 1864, he ex...

Balakirev, Mili Alekseyevich

(Encyclopedia)Balakirev, Mili Alekseyevich meˈlyĭ əlyĭksyāˈyəvĭch bələkēˈryĕf [key], 1837–1910, Russian composer and conductor, leader of the group called the Five. He founded (1862) the Free School ...

Saltykov-Shchedrin, Mikhail Evgrafovich

(Encyclopedia)Saltykov-Shchedrin, Mikhail Evgrafovich mēkhəyēlˈ yĭvgräˈfəvĭch sälˈtĭkôf-shchĕˈdrēn [key], 1826–89, Russian novelist and satirist. Saltykov-Shchedrin was a master of the satirical s...