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Moscow State University

(Encyclopedia)Moscow State University, at Moscow, Russia, officially M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State Univ.; founded 1755 as Moscow Univ. by the Russian scientist M. V. Lomonosov, renamed Moscow State Univ. after the R...

Horowitz, Vladimir

(Encyclopedia)Horowitz, Vladimir hôrˈōwĭts [key], 1904–89, Russian-American virtuoso pianist, b. Kiev. Horowitz studied at the Kiev Conservatory. After a Russian debut at the age of 17, he appeared with overw...

Chelyabinsk

(Encyclopedia)Chelyabinsk chĭlyäˈbĭnsk [key], city (1989 pop. 1,142,000), capital of Chelyabinsk region, W Siberian Russia, in the southern foothills of the Urals and on the Mias River. It also lies on the Tran...

Chaadayev, Piotr Yakovlevich

(Encyclopedia)Chaadayev, Piotr Yakovlevich pyôˈtər yäˈkəvlyĭvĭch chädäˈyĕv [key], 1794–1856, Russian philosopher. An aristocrat by birth, he was converted to Roman Catholicism. In 1836 the first of hi...

Alexy II

(Encyclopedia)Alexy II or Aleksy II əlyĕkˈsē [key], 1929–2008, 15th patriarch of Moscow and all Russia (1990–2008), b. Estonia, as Aleksey Mikhailovich Ridiger. He spent 11 years as a Russian Orthodox paris...

Ratmansky, Alexei Osipovich

(Encyclopedia)Ratmansky, Alexei Osipovich, 1968–, Russian ballet dancer and choreographer. He studied with the Bolshoi Ballet school (1978–86), then danced with the Kiev Ballet; he later danced with the Royal W...

Pulaski, Casimir

(Encyclopedia)Pulaski, Casimir käzēˈmyĕsh po͞oläˈskē [key], 1745–1779, Polish patriot and military commander in the American Revolution. Born in Podolia of a noble family, he participated with his father ...

Sorokin, Pitirim Alexandrovitch

(Encyclopedia)Sorokin, Pitirim Alexandrovitch pĭtĭrēmˈ ălˌĭgzănˈdrəvĭch sōrōˈkĭn [key], 1889–1968, Russian-American sociologist. Supporting himself as artisan and clerk, he was able to study at the...

Tatarstan

(Encyclopedia)Tatarstan tətärˈēə [key], republic (1990 est. pop. 3,660,000), 26,255 sq mi (68,000 sq km), E European Russia, in the middle Volga and lower Kama river valleys. Kazan is the capital; other import...

Stanislaus II

(Encyclopedia)Stanislaus II, 1732–98, last king of Poland (1764–95). He was born Stanislaus Augustus Poniatowski. His mother was a member of the powerful Czartoryski family, which furthered Stanislaus's career....