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Simons, Walter

(Encyclopedia)Simons, Walter välˈtər zēˈmôns [key], 1861–1937, German jurist and statesman. He served (1919) as commissioner general to the German delegation at Versailles, but resigned in opposition to the...

Griffith, Arthur

(Encyclopedia)Griffith, Arthur, 1872–1922, Irish statesman, founder of Sinn Féin. He joined the nationalist movement as a young man. In 1899 he founded the United Irishman, in which he advocated that Irish membe...

Cambon, Jules Martin

(Encyclopedia)Cambon, Jules Martin zhül märtăNˈ käNbôNˈ [key], 1845–1935, French diplomat; brother of Pierre Paul Cambon. He served (1891–96) as governor-general of Algeria, where he pursued a conciliato...

Sonnino, Sidney, Barone

(Encyclopedia)Sonnino, Sidney, Barone bärôˈnā sōn-nēˈnō [key], 1847–1922, Italian foreign minister instrumental in Italy's entry into World War I. A member of the diplomatic corps (1867–73), he later be...

Eastern European Mutual Assistance Treaty

(Encyclopedia)Eastern European Mutual Assistance Treaty: see Warsaw Treaty Organization. ...

Riviera

(Encyclopedia)Riviera rĭvēârˈə [key], narrow coastal strip between the Alps and the Mediterranean, extending, roughly, from La Spezia (Italy) to Hyères (France). Famous for its scenic beauty and for its mild ...

Altai Republic

(Encyclopedia)Altai Republic or Altay Republic ăltīˈ, ălˈtī, ältīˈ [key], constituent republic (1990 est. pop. 190,000), 35,800 sq mi (92,722 sq km), SE Siberian Russia. Bordering on Mongolia in the south,...

Muhammad VI, Ottoman sultan

(Encyclopedia)Muhammad VI or Mehmet VI, 1861–1926, last Ottoman sultan (1918–22), brother and successor of Muhammad V. He became sultan of the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) near the end of World War I and soon capitu...

Bratianu

(Encyclopedia)Bratianu –nô [key], Romanian family. Ion Bratianu, 1821–91, was prominent in the Revolution of 1848 and helped to secure (1866) the election of Prince Carol of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (Carol I o...

Inönü, Ismet

(Encyclopedia)Inönü, Ismet ĭsmĕtˈ ēnönüˈ [key], 1884–1973, Turkish statesman and soldier, president of Turkey (1938–50). He served in the Balkan Wars and World War I and became (1920) chief of staff to...