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anion

(Encyclopedia)anion ănˈīˌən [key], atom or group of atoms carrying a negative charge. The charge results because there are more electrons than protons in the anion. Anions can be formed from nonmetals by reduc...

Lewis, Gilbert Newton

(Encyclopedia)Lewis, Gilbert Newton, 1875–1946, American chemist, b. Weymouth, Mass., grad. Harvard (B.A., 1896; Ph.D., 1899). He taught at Harvard and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1907–12) and...

neutralization

(Encyclopedia)neutralization, chemical reaction, according to the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases, in which a water solution of acid is mixed with a water solution of base to form a salt and water; this reactio...

potassium hydroxide

(Encyclopedia)potassium hydroxide, chemical compound with formula KOH. Pure potassium hydroxide forms white, deliquescent crystals. For commercial and laboratory use it is usually in the form of white pellets. A st...

hydroxide

(Encyclopedia)hydroxide hīdrŏkˈsīd [key], chemical compound that contains the hydroxyl (−OH) radical. The term refers especially to inorganic compounds. Organic compounds that have the hydroxyl radical as a f...

titration

(Encyclopedia)titration tītrāˈshən [key], gradual addition of an acidic solution to a basic solution or vice versa (see acids and bases); titrations are used to determine the concentration of acids or bases in ...

sodium hydroxide

(Encyclopedia)sodium hydroxide, chemical compound, NaOH, a white crystalline substance that readily absorbs carbon dioxide and moisture from the air. It is very soluble in water, alcohol, and glycerin. It is a caus...

cation

(Encyclopedia)cation kătˌīˈən [key], atom or group of atoms carrying a positive charge. The charge results because there are more protons than electrons in the cation. Cations can be formed from a metal by oxi...

adenine

(Encyclopedia)adenine ădˈənĭn, –nīn, –nēn [key], organic base of the purine family. Adenine combines with the sugar ribose to form adenosine, which in turn can be bonded with from one to three phosphoric ...

protonation

(Encyclopedia)protonation prōˈtənāˌshən [key], in chemistry, addition of a proton to an atom, molecule, or ion. The proton is the nucleus of the hydrogen atom; the positive hydrogen ion, H+, consists of a sin...