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Jones, Ernest Charles

(Encyclopedia)Jones, Ernest Charles, 1819–69, English radical, lawyer, journalist, and poet. He was a prominent leader of the more militant wing of the Chartists (see Chartism). After imprisonment for sedition (1...

Lynd, Robert Staughton

(Encyclopedia)Lynd, Robert Staughton, 1892–1970, American sociologist, b. New Albany, Ind.; grad. Princeton (B.A., 1914), Ph.D. Columbia, 1931. He taught at Columbia for 30 years (1931–61). With his wife, Helen...

Markham, Edwin

(Encyclopedia)Markham, Edwin, 1852–1940, American poet, b. Oregon City, Oreg. He grew up in California and later taught school there. In 1899 he achieved widespread popularity for the poem “The Man with the Hoe...

Belitung

(Encyclopedia)Belitung bĕlēˈtŏng [key], island, 1,866 sq mi (4,833 sq km), Indonesia, in the Java Sea m...

clinic

(Encyclopedia)clinic, name for an institution providing medical diagnosis and treatment for ambulatory patients. The forerunner of the modern clinic was the dispensary, which dispensed free drugs and served only th...

infant respiratory distress syndrome

(Encyclopedia)infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) or hyaline membrane disease hīˈəlĭn, –līnˌ [key], respiratory distress syndrome of newborns, most common in infants born prematurely or by cesarean ...

Liebknecht, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Liebknecht, Wilhelm lēpˈkənĕkht [key], 1826–1900, German socialist leader and journalist. His participation in the revolution in Germany in 1848–49 forced him into exile, and he lived in Engl...

Marcantonio, Vito

(Encyclopedia)Marcantonio, Vito vēˈtō märkăntōˈnēō [key], 1902–54, American politician, b. New York City. After the age of 18 he was active in community affairs in the Harlem section of New York City. He...

Begin, Menachem

(Encyclopedia)Begin, Menachem mĕnäˈkhĕm bāˈgĭn [key], 1913–92, Zionist leader and Israeli prime minister (1977–83), b. Russia. He became (1938) leader of a Zionist youth movement in Poland, where he also...

Dhlakama, Afonso Marceta Macacho

(Encyclopedia)Dhlakama, Afonso Marceta Macacho, 1953–2018, Mozambican rebel leader and opposition figure. Conscripted into the Portuguese colonial army, he soon deserted and fought briefly with the Marxist Mozamb...