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Tyndall effect

(Encyclopedia)Tyndall effect: see colloid.

Thomson effect

(Encyclopedia)Thomson effect: see thermoelectricity. ...

Raman effect

(Encyclopedia)Raman effect räˈmən [key], appearance of additional lines in the spectrum of monochromatic light that has been scattered by a transparent material medium. The effect was discovered by C. V. Raman i...

ion, in chemistry

(Encyclopedia)ion, atom or group of atoms having a net electric charge. Ionization has many applications. Vapor lamps and fluorescent lamps take advantage of the light given off when positive ions recombine with ...

plasma

(Encyclopedia)plasma, in physics, fully ionized gas of low density, containing approximately equal numbers of positive and negative ions (see electron and ion). It is electrically conductive and is affected by magn...

Maurer, Ion Gheorghe

(Encyclopedia)Maurer, Ion Gheorghe yôn gāôrˈgā [key], 1902–2000, Romanian statesman. A lawyer, he defended Romanian Communists in the 1930s and later became (1945) a member of the central committee of the Co...

hydrogen-ion concentration

(Encyclopedia)hydrogen-ion concentration: see pH.

field-ion microscope

(Encyclopedia)field-ion microscope: see microscope. ...

Caragiale, Ion Luca

(Encyclopedia)Caragiale, Ion Luca yŏn lo͞oˈkä käräjäˈlĭ [key], 1853–1912, Romanian playwright and author. Romania's foremost dramatist, his works sharply satirized Romanian society. His masterpiece, A Lo...

common-law marriage

(Encyclopedia)common-law marriage: see under husband and wife. ...