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Conklin, Edwin Grant

(Encyclopedia)Conklin, Edwin Grant, 1863–1952, American zoologist, b. Waldo, Ohio, B.S. Ohio Wesleyan Univ., 1886, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins, 1891. From 1908 he taught and conducted research at Princeton, principally i...

Gegenbaur, Karl

(Encyclopedia)Gegenbaur, Karl kärl gāˈgənbour [key], 1826–1903, German anatomist. A professor at the universities of Jena (1855–73) and Heidelberg (1873–1901), he was influential as a teacher. He emphasiz...

prehistory

(Encyclopedia)prehistory, period of human evolution before writing was invented and records kept. The term was coined by Daniel Wilson in 1851. It is followed by protohistory, the period for which we have some reco...

Whitman, Charles Otis

(Encyclopedia)Whitman, Charles Otis, 1842–1910, American zoologist, b. Woodstock, Maine, grad. Bowdoin, 1868, Ph.D. Univ. of Leipzig, 1878. From 1892 he was professor of zoology at the Univ. of Chicago. He founde...

Balfour, Francis Maitland

(Encyclopedia)Balfour, Francis Maitland, 1851–82, Scottish embryologist; brother of A. J. Balfour. He was an early exponent of recapitulation. His Treatise on Comparative Embryology (2 vol., 1880–81) is a class...

Fowler, William Alfred

(Encyclopedia)Fowler, William Alfred, 1911–95, American nuclear astrophysicist, b. Pittsburgh. While a professor at the California Institute of Technology, Fowler studied how chemical elements are formed in nucle...

Lafargue, Paul

(Encyclopedia)Lafargue, Paul pôl läfärgˈ [key], 1842–1911, French socialist, b. Cuba; son-in-law of Karl Marx. With Jules Guesde he helped found a Marxist socialist party in France. His many writings, which w...

Wright, Sewall

(Encyclopedia)Wright, Sewall, 1889–1988, American geneticist, b. Melrose, Mass., B.S. Lombard College, 1911, M.S. Univ. of Illinois, 1912, D.Sc. Harvard, 1915. From 1915 to 1925 he worked in the Bureau of Animal ...

Pringsheim, Nathanael

(Encyclopedia)Pringsheim, Nathanael nätänˈäĕl prĭngsˈhīm [key], 1823–94, German botanist, one of the founders of the scientific study of algae. He made important discoveries in the morphology and physiolo...

Dawkins, Richard

(Encyclopedia)Dawkins, Richard (Clinton Richard Dawkins), 1941– British evolutionary biologist and ethologist, b. Kenya, Ph.D. Oxford, 1966. He was a research assistant under Nikolaas Tinbergen at Oxford until 19...