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Webster, Pelatiah

(Encyclopedia)Webster, Pelatiah, 1726–95, American writer, b. Lebanon, Conn., grad. Yale, 1746. A Philadelphia businessman, he is remembered for his advocacy in his Dissertation of the Political Union and Constit...

Sanctorius

(Encyclopedia)Sanctorius săngktôrˈēəs [key], Ital. Santorio, 1561–1636, Italian physiologist. He was a professor at Padua (1611–24). By his quantitative experiments in temperature, respiration, and weight,...

cleavage

(Encyclopedia)cleavage, tendency of many minerals to split along definite smooth planar surfaces determined by their crystal structure. The directions of these surfaces are related to weaknesses in the atomic struc...

Halden

(Encyclopedia)Halden hälˈdən [key], town, Østfold co., SE Norway, a port on the Iddefjord (an arm of th...

Mottelson, Benjamin Roy

(Encyclopedia)Mottelson, Benjamin Roy, 1926–, Danish physicist, b. Chicago, Ph.D. Harvard, 1950. Raised and educated in the United States, he moved to Denmark, where he began work as a nuclear physicist. Mottelso...

grouper

(Encyclopedia)grouper, common name for a large carnivorous member of the family Serranidae (sea bass family), abundant in tropical and subtropical seas and highly valued as food fish. There are several genera, nota...

titration

(Encyclopedia)titration tītrāˈshən [key], gradual addition of an acidic solution to a basic solution or vice versa (see acids and bases); titrations are used to determine the concentration of acids or bases in ...

L'Huillier, Anne

(Encyclopedia)Anne L'Huillier, 1958–, b. Paris, France, French-Swedish physicist, studied at Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, and Commissariat à l’Energ...

nucleon

(Encyclopedia)nucleon, term applying to both the proton and the neutron, the two constituents of atomic nuclei. The nucleon may be considered a single particle, of which the proton and the neutron are two different...

Argonne National Laboratory

(Encyclopedia)Argonne National Laboratory, research center, based in Argonne, Ill., 27 mi (43 km) SW of downtown Chicago, with other facilities at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 50 mi (80 km) W of Idaho...