Columbia Encyclopedia

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Trail

(Encyclopedia)Trail, city (1991 pop. 7,919), SE British Columbia, Canada, on the Columbia River just N of the Wash. border. It is a metal-smelting center for a mining area that produces lead, zinc, silver, and gold...

Plücker, Julius

(Encyclopedia)Plücker, Julius yo͞oˈlyo͝os plüˈkər [key], 1801–68, German mathematician and physicist. He became professor of mathematics (1836) and of physics (1847) at the Univ. of Bonn. He is known for h...

Tsumeb

(Encyclopedia)Tsumeb tso͞oˈmĕb [key], town (1991 pop. 16,211), N Namibia. It is the commercial and distribution center for a region where copper, lead, and zinc are mined. ...

ore

(Encyclopedia)ore, metal-bearing mineral mass that can be profitably mined. Nearly all rock deposits contain some metallic minerals, but in many cases the concentration of metal is too low to justify mining the ore...

carbonate

(Encyclopedia)carbonate kärˈbənātˌ, –nət [key], chemical compound containing the carbonate radical or ion, CO3−2. Most familiar carbonates are salts that are formed by reacting an inorganic base (e.g., a ...

nickel

(Encyclopedia)nickel, metallic chemical element; symbol Ni; at. no. 28; at. wt. 58.6934; m.p. about 1,453℃; b.p. about 2,732℃; sp. gr. 8.902 at 25℃; valence 0, +1, +2, +3, or +4. Nickel is a hard, malleable, ...

valence, in chemistry

(Encyclopedia)valence, combining capacity of an atom expressed as the number of single bonds the atom can form or the number of electrons an element gives up or accepts when reacting to form a compound. Atoms are c...

sodium chloride

(Encyclopedia)sodium chloride, NaCl, common salt. Salt is important in many ways. It is an essential part of the diet of both humans and animals and is a part of most animal fluids, such as blood, sweat, and te...

Kimberley, town, Canada

(Encyclopedia)Kimberley kĭmˈbərlē [key], town (1991 pop. 6,531), SE British Columbia, Canada. Canada's highest city (3,660 ft/1,115 m), it is the site of the Sullivan mine, where large quantities of silver, lea...

Kabwe

(Encyclopedia)Kabwe käbˈwā [key], formerly Broken Hill, city (1990 pop. 166,519), central Zambia. During the 20th cent. it was an important lead and zinc mining and smelting center. As a result, the area suffers...