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Kekulé von Stradonitz, Friedrich August

(Encyclopedia)Kekulé von Stradonitz, Friedrich August frēˈdrĭkh ouˈgo͝ost kāˈko͞olā fən shträˈdōnĭts [key], 1829–96, German organic chemist. He was professor at Ghent (1858–65) and at Bonn from 1...

Lewis, Sir Arthur

(Encyclopedia)Lewis, Sir Arthur (Sir William Arthur Lewis), 1915–91, British economist, b. St. Lucia. A graduate (1940) of the London School of Economics, he was later a professor of economics at the Univ. of Man...

Viner, Jacob

(Encyclopedia)Viner, Jacob, 1892–1970, American economist, b. Montreal. He taught at the Univ. of Chicago (1919–46) and Princeton (1946–60). A specialist on the subject of international trade, Viner was an ad...

Hurwicz, Leonid

(Encyclopedia)Hurwicz, Leonid hûrˈwĭch [key], 1917–2008, Polish-American economist and statistician, b. Russia., grad. Univ. of Warsaw, 1938. Educated in the law, he subsequently studied economics in London, G...

grammar

(Encyclopedia)grammar, description of the structure of a language, consisting of the sounds (see phonology); the meaningful combinations of these sounds into words or parts of words, called morphemes; and the arran...

signaling

(Encyclopedia)signaling, transmission of information by visible, audible, or other detectable means. Since prehistoric times humans have sought and employed ever more effective means of communicating over distance....

Robinson, Joan Violet

(Encyclopedia)Robinson, Joan Violet, 1903–83, British economist, b. Surrey, England. A socialist, she worked with Keynes and taught at Cambridge (1931–71). Her treatise, The Economics of Imperfect Competition (...

electron

(Encyclopedia)electron, elementary particle carrying a unit charge of negative electricity. Ordinary electric current is the flow of electrons through a wire conductor (see electricity). The electron is one of the ...

Indo-European

(Encyclopedia)CE5 Indo-European, family of languages having more speakers than any other language family. It is estimated that approximately half the world's population speaks an Indo-European tongue as a first ...

quantum chromodynamics

(Encyclopedia)quantum chromodynamics (QCD), quantum field theory that describes the properties of the strong interactions between quarks and between protons and neutrons in the framework of quantum theory. Quarks p...