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Hertwig, Oscar

(Encyclopedia)Hertwig, Oscar ôsˈkär hĕrtˈvĭkh [key], 1849–1922, German embryologist. He studied medicine with Haeckel and Gegenbaur. In 1875 he established the fact that fertilization consists of the union ...

Haavelmo, Trygve

(Encyclopedia)Haavelmo, Trygve trügˈvə hävelmō [key], 1911–99, Norwegian economist. In the 1940s, he was a pioneer in the field of econometrics, using mathematics and statistics in the formation of economic ...

Bennett, Hugh Hammond

(Encyclopedia)Bennett, Hugh Hammond, 1881–1960, American soil scientist, b. near Wadesboro, N.C. Known as the father of soil conservation, he first proposed the theory of sheet erosion of soils in 1905. He direct...

Playfair, John

(Encyclopedia)Playfair, John, 1748–1819, Scottish mathematician, physicist, and geologist. He was educated at St. Andrews and Edinburgh and taught first mathematics and then physics and astronomy at the latter un...

Oxford, Edward de Vere, 17th earl of

(Encyclopedia)Oxford, Edward de Vere, 17th earl of, 1550–1604, English poet, b. Castle Heddingham, Essex, educated at Queens' and St. John's colleges, Cambridge. He traveled in Italy, acted in and produced plays,...

Eco, Umberto

(Encyclopedia)Eco, Umberto əmbĕrˈtō ĕcō [key], 1932–2016, Italian novelist, essayist, and semiotics scholar. His first novel, the best-selling Il nome della rosa (1980; tr. The Name of the Rose, 1983, film ...

denial

(Encyclopedia)denial, in psychology, an ego defense mechanism that operates unconsciously to resolve emotional conflict, and to allay anxiety by refusing to perceive the more unpleasant aspects of external reality....

Hansen, Lars Peter

(Encyclopedia)Hansen, Lars Peter, 1952–, U.S. economist, b. Champaign, Ill., Ph.D. Univ. of Minnesota, 1978. After teaching at Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh (1978–81), he joined the faculty of the Univ. of ...

Lassalle, Ferdinand

(Encyclopedia)Lassalle, Ferdinand fĕrˈdēnänt läsälˈ [key], 1825–64, German socialist. The son of a Jewish merchant, he studied at the universities of Breslau and Berlin, where he became a philosophical Heg...

Lacan, Jacques

(Encyclopedia)Lacan, Jacques zhäk läkäNˈ [key], 1901–81, French psychoanalyst. After receiving a medical degree, he became a psychoanalyst in Paris. Lacan was infamous for his unorthodox methods of treatment,...