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Pardo, Manuel

(Encyclopedia)Pardo, Manuel mänwĕlˈ pärˈdō [key], 1834–78, president of Peru (1872–76). After assisting José Balta in establishing a constitutional government, Pardo succeeded him as president. To recove...

Lunacharsky, Anatoli Vasilyevich

(Encyclopedia)Lunacharsky, Anatoli Vasilyevich ənətôˈlyē vəsēˈlyəvĭch lo͞onəchärˈskē [key], 1875–1933, Russian revolutionary, dramatist, and critic. He began his revolutionary career in 1892 and jo...

Lamb, John

(Encyclopedia)Lamb, John, 1735–1800, American Revolutionary leader, b. New York City. Prior to the Revolution he was a leader of the Sons of Liberty in New York and helped form the New York committee of correspon...

Lansing, John

(Encyclopedia)Lansing, John, 1754–1829?, American political leader and jurist, b. Albany, N.Y. He served as military secretary to Gen. Philip J. Schuyler in the American Revolution and later became a prominent la...

Aranguren, José Luis

(Encyclopedia)Aranguren, José Luis (José Luis López-Aranguren Jimenez) hōsāˈ lo͞oēsˈ ärängo͞oˈrān [key], 1909–96, Spanish philosopher, essayist, and literary critic, b. Ávila. A professor of ethics...

Laffitte, Jacques

(Encyclopedia)Laffitte, Jacques zhäk läfētˈ [key], 1767–1844, French banker and politician. He rose from poverty to become one of the wealthiest and most influential men in France. He was director (1809) and ...

Karimov, Islam Abduganievich

(Encyclopedia)Karimov, Islam Abduganievich ĭslämˈ kärēˈmôf [key], 1938–2016, Soviet and Uzbekistani political leader, president of Uzbekistan (1991–2016). He joined the Soviet Communist party in 1964, ro...

Pobyedonostzev, Konstantin Petrovich

(Encyclopedia)Pobyedonostzev, Konstantin Petrovich kənstəntyēnˈ pētrôˈvĭch pəbyĕdənôsˈtsyĭf [key], 1827–1907, Russian public official and jurist. He was professor of civil law at Moscow when he attr...

Prasad, Rajendra

(Encyclopedia)Prasad, Rajendra rəjĕnˈdrə prəsädˈ [key], 1884–1963, first president of India. Before entering politics, he taught English literature, history, economics, and law. In 1917 he began working wi...

Bordaberry Arocena, Juan María

(Encyclopedia)Bordaberry Arocena, Juan María, 1928–2011, Uruguayan politician. Born into a wealthy and politically conservative family, he was elected (1962) senator as a member of the National party. Switching ...