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Rybnik

(Encyclopedia)Rybnik rĭbˈnēk [key], town (1993 est. pop. 145,400), Śląskie prov., S Poland. It is a railway junction and industrial center with industries manufacturing mining machinery, metal products, and ch...

Ostrołęka

(Encyclopedia)Ostrołęka ôstrôwĕnˈkä [key], Rus. Ostrolenka, town (1993 est. pop. 52,400), Mazowieckie prov., NE Poland, on the Narew River. It is a railway junction and a manufacturing center where pulp and ...

Mogilev

(Encyclopedia)Mogilev məgēlyôfˈ [key], Belarusian Mahilyow, city (1989 pop. 359,188), capital of Mogilev region, in E Belarus, on the Dnieper River. It is an important rail and highway junction, a river port, a...

Szymanowski, Karol

(Encyclopedia)Szymanowski, Karol käˈrôl shĭmänôfˈskē [key], 1882–1937, Polish composer; studied in Berlin and Warsaw. His early works show marked German, French, and Russian influences, but in his later c...

Kalisz

(Encyclopedia)Kalisz käˈlēsh [key], Ger. Kalisch, city (1993 est. pop. 106,600), Wielkopolskie prov., central Poland. An industrial center, it has factories producing textiles, clothing, chemicals, aircraft comp...

Wajda, Andrzej

(Encyclopedia)Wajda, Andrzej änˈjā vīˈdä [key], 1926–2016, Polish film director, leading member of the Polish Film School, which began in the 1950s. His films are typically studies of Poland's modern histor...

Boleslaus I

(Encyclopedia)Boleslaus I bōˈləslôs [key], c.966–1025, Polish ruler (992–1025), the first to call himself king; also called Boleslaus the Brave. He succeeded his father, Mieszko I, as duke of Poland, seized...

Stanislaus I

(Encyclopedia)Stanislaus I, 1677–1766, king of Poland (1704–1709, 1733–35) and duke of Lorraine (1735–66). He was born Stanislaus Leszczynski. Early in the Northern War (1700–1721), Charles XII of Sweden ...

Będzin

(Encyclopedia)Będzin bĕnˈtsĭn [key], town, Śląskie prov., SE Poland, on the Czarna Przemsza River, a ...

Herbert, Zbigniew

(Encyclopedia)Herbert, Zbigniew zbēgˈnyĕf khĕrˈbĕrt [key] 1924–98, Polish poet, essayist, and playwright, b. Lwów, Poland (now Lviv, Ukraine). Herbert, who had degrees in economics, philosophy, and law, wa...