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Sloan Foundation

(Encyclopedia)Sloan Foundation, fund established (1934) by automobile executive Alfred P. Sloan, Jr. as a philanthropic institution supporting research in various areas. In its early years it stressed support of U....

Randall, James Garfield

(Encyclopedia)Randall, James Garfield, 1881–1953, American historian, b. Indianapolis, Ind. He taught history and political science at various colleges before joining (1920) the faculty of the Univ. of Illinois. ...

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

(Encyclopedia)Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, at Zürich, founded 1855 as the Federal Polytechnic Institute, given its current name 1911. It is a science and technology research university with a solid reput...

Traynor, Roger John

(Encyclopedia)Traynor, Roger John, 1900–1983, American jurist, b. Park City, Utah, grad. Univ. of California at Berkeley (A.B., 1923, Ph.D., 1926, J.D., 1927.) After teaching political science and law at the Univ...

Sauvé, Jeanne Mathilde Benoit

(Encyclopedia)Sauvé, Jeanne Mathilde Benoit zhän mätēldˈ bənwäˈ sōvāˈ [key], 1922–93, Canadian government official, b. Prud'homme, Saskatchewan. Sauvé, who studied at the universities of Ottawa and Pa...

Senior, Nassau

(Encyclopedia)Senior, Nassau, 1790–1864, English economist. A graduate of Oxford, he was called there in 1825 to fill the first chair of political economy in England. In An Outline of the Science of Political Eco...

Pierce, John

(Encyclopedia)Pierce, John, 1910–2002, American electrical engineer, b. Des Moines, Iowa, grad. California Institute of Technology (Ph.D. 1936). Pierce worked at the Bell Telephone Laboratories, where he proposed...

Raman, Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata

(Encyclopedia)Raman, Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata chŭnˈdrəsĕkärə vĕngˈkətə räˈmən [key], 1888–1970, Indian physicist. He was professor of physics at Calcutta Univ. from 1917 to 1933. In Bangalore (now ...

Osborn, Henry Fairfield

(Encyclopedia)Osborn, Henry Fairfield, 1857–1935, American paleontologist and geologist, b. Fairfield, Conn. He was professor of comparative anatomy (1883–90) at Princeton, and professor of biology (1891–96) ...

astronomy

(Encyclopedia)astronomy, branch of science that studies the motions and natures of celestial bodies, such as planets, stars, and galaxies; more generally, the study of matter and energy in the universe at large. ...