Columbia Encyclopedia

Search results

500 results found

Kolyma

(Encyclopedia)Kolyma kŏlĭmäˈ, kōlēˈmə, Rus. kəlĭˈmə [key], river, c.1,500 mi (2,410 km) long, rising in several headstreams in the Kolyma and Cherskogo ranges, Russian Far East. It flows generally N to ...

Parvanov, Georgi Sedefchov

(Encyclopedia)Parvanov, Georgi Sedefchov, 1957–, Bulgarian political leader, president of Bulgaria (2002–12), b. Sirishnik. A historian by profession, he joined the Bulgarian Communist party (BCP) in 1981 and w...

Tokayev, Kassym-Jomart Kemelyevich

(Encyclopedia)Tokayev, Kassym-Jomart Kemelyevich, 1953–, Kazakh political leader and diplomat, president of Kazakhstan (2019–). After graduating (1975) from the Moscow State Institute of International Relations...

Touré, Amadou Toumani

(Encyclopedia)Touré, Amadou Toumani, 1948–2020, Malian political and military leader. He graduated from military school in 1972 and received further military training in the Soviet Union and France. Promoted to ...

Sigerist, Henry Ernest

(Encyclopedia)Sigerist, Henry Ernest sĭgˈərĭst [key], 1891–1957, American medical historian and writer, b. Paris, M.D. Univ. of Zürich, 1917. He taught history of medicine at the universities of Zürich (192...

Semyonov, Nikolay Nikolayevich

(Encyclopedia)Semyonov, Nikolay Nikolayevich, or Nikolai Nikolaevic Semenov, 1896–1986, Soviet physical chemist, Ph.D. Petrograd Univ., 1917. Semyonov was a professor at the Leningrad Physico-Technical Institute ...

Shidehara, Kijuro

(Encyclopedia)Shidehara, Kijuro kēˌjo͞orōˈ shēdāˈhärä [key], 1872–1951, Japanese statesman. A career diplomat, he was ambassador to the Netherlands (1914–15), vice foreign minister (1915), and ambassa...

Rydz-Śmigły, Edward

(Encyclopedia)Rydz-Śmigły or Śmigły-Rydz, Edward rĭtsˈ-shmēgˈlĭ [key], 1886–1941, Polish politician. He served under Piłsudski in the Polish Legions (1914–17), in the war with Soviet Russia (1920), an...

Central Asian Republics

(Encyclopedia)Central Asian Republics, the countries of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Constituent republics of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, they all achieved i...

astronaut

(Encyclopedia)astronaut, crew member on a U.S. manned spaceflight mission; the Soviet term is cosmonaut. Candidates for manned spaceflight are carefully screened to meet the highest physical and mental standards, a...