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John Paul II, Saint

(Encyclopedia) John Paul II, Saint 1920–2005, pope (1978–2005), a Pole (b. Wadowice) named Karol Józef Wojtyła; successor of John Paul I. He was the first non-Italian pope elected since the Dutch…

parlement

(Encyclopedia) parlementparlementpärˈləmənt, Fr. pärləmäNˈ [key], in French history, the chief judicial body under the ancien régime. The parlement consisted of a number of separate chambers: the…

William the Silent

(Encyclopedia) William the Silent or William of Orange (William I, prince of Orange), 1533–84, Dutch statesman, principal founder of Dutch independence. William married four times. His first wife…

Birmingham, city, England

(Encyclopedia) Birmingham Birmingham bûrˈmĭngəm [key], city and metropolitan borough (2021 city pop. 2,606,374…

Illinois

Capital: Springfield State abbreviation/Postal code: Ill./IL Governor: Bruce Rauner, R (to Jan. 2019) Lieut. Governor: Evelyn Sanguinetti, R (to Jan. 2019) Senators:…

Indiana

Indiana State Facts Entered Union: December 11, 1816 (19th State)Organized as territory: May 7, 1800Present constitution adopted: 1851 Fun Facts State abbreviation/Postal code: Ind./INNicknames:…

Maryland

Maryland State Facts Entered Union: April 28, 1788 (7th State)Present constitution adopted: 1867 Fun Facts State abbreviation/Postal code: Md./MDNicknames: Free State; Old Line StateOrigin of…

Ohio

Ohio State Facts Entered Union: March 1, 1803 (17th State)Present constitution adopted: 1851 Fun Facts State abbreviation/Postal code: Ohio/OHNicknames: Buckeye StateSlogan: "Ohio—Birthplace of…

States-General

(Encyclopedia) States-General or Estates-General, diet or national assembly in which the chief estates (see estate) of a nation—usually clergy, nobles, and towns (or commons)—were represented as…

laissez-faire

(Encyclopedia) laissez-fairelaissez-fairelĕsˌā fârˈ [key] [Fr.,=leave alone], in economics and politics, doctrine that an economic system functions best when there is no interference by government.…