(Encyclopedia) Constantine IV, c.652–685, Byzantine emperor (668–85), son and successor of Constans II. He defended Constantinople against the annual naval attacks of the Muslims, who finally…
(Encyclopedia) Constantine V (Constantine Copronymus), 718–75, Byzantine emperor (741–75), son and successor of Leo III. An able general and administrator, he fought successfully against the Arabs,…
(Encyclopedia) Constantine VI, b. c.770, Byzantine emperor (780–97), son and successor of Leo IV. His mother, Irene, was regent until 790, when she was deposed by a military revolt. Constantine…
(Encyclopedia) Constantine VII (Constantine Porphyrogenitus), 905–59, Byzantine emperor (913–59). He acceded after the brief reign of his uncle Alexander, who succeeded Constantine's father, Leo VI.…
(Encyclopedia) Constantine XI (Constantine Palaeologus), d. 1453, last Byzantine emperor (1449–53), brother and successor of John VIII. To secure Western aid against the Turkish assault on what…
(Encyclopedia) Ferdinand, 1793–1875, emperor of Austria (1835–48), son and successor of Emperor Francis I (who also, as Francis II, had been the last Holy Roman emperor). A well-meaning monarch in…
(Encyclopedia) Wenceslaus, 1361–1419, Holy Roman emperor (uncrowned) and German king (1378–1400), king of Bohemia (1378–1419) as Wenceslaus IV, elector of Brandenburg (1373–76), son and successor of…
Roman Republic and Roman Empire: RulersRoman RepublicCato the Elder, statesman (234–149 B.C.)Gracchi, (Tiberius Sempronius Graccus [d. 133B.C.] and Caius Sempronius Gracchus [d. 121 B.C.],…
George NakashimaNampeyoCrown Prince NaruhitoEliot NessBenjamin NetanyahuHuey NewtonElvia NieblaThelma Catherine “Pat” Ryan NixonCarlos NoriegaGale A. NortonAntonia Coello NovelloBarack ObamaEllen…
Maurya, ancient Indian dynasty (c.325–c.183 B.C.) Asoka, Indian emperor (c.273–c.232 B.C.) of the Maurya dynasty Harsha, Indian emperor (606–47) Prithvi Raj, ruler of the Chauan dynasty of N.…
