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Louisiana Purchase

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Louisiana Purchase (1803) Louisiana Purchase, 1803, American acquisition from France of the formerly Spanish region of Louisiana. Jefferson instructed Livingston to attempt…

Risorgimento

(Encyclopedia) RisorgimentoRisorgimentorēsôrˌjēmĕnˈtō [key] [Ital.,=resurgence], in 19th-century Italian history, period of cultural nationalism and of political activism, leading to unification of…

Chalgrin, Jean François

(Encyclopedia) Chalgrin, Jean FrançoisChalgrin, Jean FrançoiszhäN fräNswäˈ shälgrăNˈ [key], 1739–1811, French architect. He studied under Servandoni and in Italy as a winner of the Grand Prix de Rome…

Chanzy, Antoine Eugène Alfred

(Encyclopedia) Chanzy, Antoine Eugène AlfredChanzy, Antoine Eugène AlfredäNtwänˈ özhĕnˈ älfrĕdˈ shäNzēˈ [key], 1823–83, French general. After service in Algeria, Italy, and Syria, he was refused a…

Apodaca, Juan Ruiz de

(Encyclopedia) Apodaca, Juan Ruiz deApodaca, Juan Ruiz dehwän r&oomacr;ēthˈ dā äpōᵺäˈkä [key], 1754–1835, Spanish viceroy and military leader. He was sent to London by the Central Junta of…

Görres, Joseph von

(Encyclopedia) Görres, Joseph vonGörres, Joseph vonyōˈzĕf fən görˈəs [key], 1776–1848, German historian, journalist, and writer. As lecturer on philosophy at the Univ. of Heidelberg he befriended…

Fort-de-France

(Encyclopedia) Fort-de-France Fort-de-France fôr-də-fräNs [key], city, capital of the French overseas dept. of…

Jovellanos, Gaspar Melchor de

(Encyclopedia) Jovellanos, Gaspar Melchor deJovellanos, Gaspar Melchor degäspärˈ mĕlchôrˈ dā hōvĕlyäˈnōs [key], 1744–1811, Spanish statesman and writer. Very influential as an advocate of economic…

Jahn, Friedrich Ludwig

(Encyclopedia) Jahn, Friedrich LudwigJahn, Friedrich Ludwigfrēˈdrĭkh l&oomacr;tˈvĭkh yän [key], 1778–1852, German patriot. A high school teacher in Berlin, he was active in efforts to free…

Monge, Gaspard, comte de Péluse

(Encyclopedia) Monge, Gaspard, comte de PéluseMonge, Gaspard, comte de Pélusegäspärˈ môNzh kôNt də pālüzˈ [key], 1746–1818, French mathematician, physicist, and public official. He was distinguished…