(Encyclopedia) Monti, VincenzoMonti, Vincenzovēnchānˈtsō mōnˈtē [key], 1754–1828, Italian poet and dramatist. Under French rule he became official historiographer of the Italian kingdom and later…
(Encyclopedia) Arndt, Ernst MoritzArndt, Ernst Moritzĕrnst mōˈrĭts ärnt [key], 1769–1860, German poet and historian. An ardent nationalist and opponent of Napoleon I, he was forced to flee to Sweden…
(Encyclopedia) lettre de cachetlettre de cachetlĕˈtrə də käshāˈ [key], formerly in French law, private, sealed document, issued as a communication from the king. Such a letter could order…
(Encyclopedia) Macdonald, Jacques Étienne Joseph AlexandreMacdonald, Jacques Étienne Joseph Alexandrezhäk ātyĕnˈzhôzĕfˈ älĕksäNˈdrə mäkdônälˈ [key], 1765–1840, marshal of France, of Scottish descent…
(Encyclopedia) Maggiore, LagoMaggiore, Lagoläˈgō mäd-jôˈrā [key], or VerbanoVerbanovārbäˈnō [key], second largest lake in Italy, 82 sq mi (212 sq km), in the Alpine foothills of Piedmont and Lombardy…
(Encyclopedia) Invalides, Hôtel desInvalides, Hôtel desōtĕlˈ dāzăNvälēdˈ [key], celebrated landmark of Paris, France, built (1671–76) by Libéral Bruant as a hospital for disabled veterans. One of the…
(Encyclopedia) Dalberg, Emmerich Joseph (Emeric Joseph, duc de Dalberg)Dalberg, Emmerich Josephĕmərēkˈ zhōzĕfˈ dälbârkˈ [key], 1773–1833, French diplomat of German origin; nephew of Karl Theodor von…
(Encyclopedia) Changarnier, NicolasChangarnier, Nicolasnēkôläˈ shäNgärnyāˈ [key], 1793–1877, French general and politician. He served in Algeria and was briefly (1848) governor-general of Algeria,…
(Encyclopedia) SedanSedansədäNˈ [key], town (1990 pop. 22,407), Ardennes dept., NE France, on the Meuse River. A noted textile center since the 16th cent., Sedan also has metal and brewing industries…
(Encyclopedia) Saint Bernard, two Alpine passes, both used since antiquity. The Great Saint Bernard (alt. 8,110 ft/2,472 m), on the Italian-Swiss border, links Valais canton, Switzerland, with Valle…
