(Encyclopedia) phalanx, ancient Greek formation of infantry. The soldiers were arrayed in rows (8 or 16), with arms at the ready, making a solid block that could sweep bristling through the more…
(Encyclopedia) Bry, Théodore deBry, Théodore detēōdôrˈ də brē, brī [key], 1528–98, Flemish engraver and publisher, b. Liège. He spent most of his life in Frankfurt-am-Main. He visited London, where…
(Encyclopedia) Castello, Giovanni BattistaCastello, Giovanni Battistajōvänˈnē bät-tēsˈtä [key]Castello, Giovanni Battista kästĕlˈlō [key], c.1509–c.1569, Italian painter and architect; called Il…
(Encyclopedia) BereniceBerenicebĕrənīˈsē [key], b. c.340 b.c., d. 281 or 271 b.c., consort and half-sister of Ptolemy I, king of ancient Egypt. A Macedonian, she was the widow of Philip, one of the…
(Encyclopedia) Brooke, Fulke Greville, 1st BaronBrooke, Fulke Greville, 1st Baronf&oobreve;lk grĕvˈĭl [key], 1554–1628, English author and statesman. A favorite of Queen Elizabeth I, he held many…
(Encyclopedia) SalomeSalomesəlōˈmē [key], in the New Testament. 1 Daughter of Herod Philip and Herodias. She is generally supposed to be the daughter who danced to obtain the head of John the Baptist…
(Encyclopedia) Roosebeke, battle ofRoosebeke, battle ofrōˈzəbāˌkə [key], 1382, in the modern-day village of Westrozebeke, Staden commune, West Flanders prov., W Belgium. The French under Olivier de…
A look at the aristocratic pecking order by David Johnson Emperor Comes from the Latin, "imperator," which was originally a military title. Soldiers would salute the leader of a victorious…
(Encyclopedia) AlphonseAlphonseälfôNsˈ [key], 1220–71, count of Poitiers and of Toulouse, brother of King Louis IX of France. By his marriage to the daughter of Raymond VII, count of Toulouse, he…
(Encyclopedia) David II (David Bruce), 1324–71, king of Scotland (1329–71), son and successor of Robert I. David's guardians were not strong enough to prevent the invasion (1332) of Scotland by…
