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Scanderbeg

(Encyclopedia) Scanderbeg or SkanderbegScanderbegboth: skănˈdərbĕg [key], c.1404–1468, Albanian national hero. His original name was George Castriota or Kastriotes, but the Ottomans called him…

Worms, Concordat of

(Encyclopedia) Worms, Concordat of, 1122, agreement reached by Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V to put an end to the struggle over investiture. By its terms the emperor guaranteed free…

Ferdinand I, king of Naples

(Encyclopedia) Ferdinand I or FerranteFerdinand Ifār-ränˈtā [key], 1423–94, king of Naples (1458–94), illegitimate son and successor (in Naples) of Alfonso V of Aragón. His succession was challenged…

Paul III

(Encyclopedia) Paul III, 1468–1549, pope (1534–49), a Roman named Alessandro Farnese; successor of Clement VII. He was created cardinal by Alexander VI, and his influence increased steadily. A very…

Leap Year Explained

Leap years synchronize the calendar year with the solar year by Ann Marie Imbornoni & Mark Hughes Related Links Leap Year 101 History of the Calendar History of…

1983 World History

  1983 Pope John Paul II signs new Roman Catholic code incorporating changes brought about by Second Vatican Council (Jan. 25). Second space shuttle, Challenger, makes successful maiden…

Marozia

(Encyclopedia) MaroziaMaroziamərōˈzhēə, Ital. märôˈtsyä [key], c.892–c.937, Italian noblewoman. Daughter of the Roman consul Theophylact and his wife Theodora, Marozia was strongly influenced by her…

Al-Hakam II

(Encyclopedia) Al-Hakam II: see Hakam II, al-.

Hakam II, al-

(Encyclopedia) Hakam II, al-Hakam II, al-äl-häkämˈ [key], 914–76, Umayyad caliph of Córdoba (961–76), son and successor of Abd ar-Rahman III. In the early part of his reign he successfully waged war…