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Eratosthenes

(Encyclopedia)Eratosthenes ĕrətŏsˈthənēz [key], c.275–c.195 b.c., Greek scholar, b. Cyrene. A pupil of Callimachus in Athens, he became (c.240 b.c.) head of the library at Alexandria. Known for his versatil...

Huidobro, Vicente

(Encyclopedia)Huidobro, Vicente vēsānˈtā wēᵺōˈbrō [key], 1893–1948, Chilean poet, founder of the aesthetic movement known as creacionismo, which emphasized the value of the poet as verbal magician, expl...

demiurge

(Encyclopedia)demiurge dĕmˈēûrjˌ [key] [Gr.,=workman, craftsman], name given by Plato in a mythological passage in the Timaeus to the creator God. In Gnosticism the Demiurge, creator of the material world, was...

Critias

(Encyclopedia)Critias krĭshˈēəs, krĭtēəs [key], c.460–403 b.c., Athenian political leader and writer. A relative of Plato, he was an aristocrat and had early training in philosophy with Socrates and wrote ...

Schiller, Ferdinand Canning Scott

(Encyclopedia)Schiller, Ferdinand Canning Scott shĭlˈər [key], 1864–1937, British philosopher. Schiller studied at Oxford and was professor of philosophy there (1897–1926) and at the Univ. of Southern Califo...

Rodó, José Enrique

(Encyclopedia)Rodó, José Enrique hōsāˈ ānrēˈkā rôdōˈ [key], 1872–1917, Uruguayan essayist, literary critic, and philosopher. Rodó spent most of his life in Montevideo, where he helped to found and ed...

Sobotka, Bohuslav

(Encyclopedia)Sobotka, Bohuslav bōˈho͞osläf sōˈbätkä [key], 1971–, Czech politician. Center-left in political philosophy and a member of the Czech Social Democratic party (CSSD) from 1989, Sobotka was fir...

Pomponazzi, Pietro

(Encyclopedia)Pomponazzi, Pietro pyĕˈtrō pōmpōnätˈtsē [key], 1462–1525, Italian philosopher, b. Mantua. He was a professor at Padua, Ferrara, and Bologna. Pomponazzi aroused great interest in intellectual...

Sabatier, Auguste

(Encyclopedia)Sabatier, Auguste ôgo͞ostˈ säbätyāˈ [key], 1839–1901, French Protestant theologian. He was professor (1867–72) of reformed dogmatics at Strasbourg, and from 1877 until his death he was a me...

Transcendental Meditation

(Encyclopedia)Transcendental Meditation, service mark for a meditation technique and program founded by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi and based on Vedic philosophy. Stressing natural meditation and the mental and physical ...