Columbia Encyclopedia

Search results

500 results found

duma

(Encyclopedia)duma do͞oˈmä [key], Russian name for a representative body, particularly applied to the Imperial Duma established as a result of the Russian Revolution of 1905. The parliamentary organization of 19...

Fanning, Edmund, 1739–1818, Loyalist in the American Revolution

(Encyclopedia)Fanning, Edmund, 1739–1818, American Loyalist in the American Revolution, b. Suffolk co., Long Island, N.Y. He moved to North Carolina, practiced law, held minor political posts, and supported the r...

Merezhkovsky, Dmitri Sergeyevich

(Encyclopedia)Merezhkovsky, Dmitri Sergeyevich dəmēˈtrē syĭrgāˈyəvĭch mârĭshkôfˈskē [key], 1865–1941, Russian critic and novelist. His principal critical study is Tolstoi as Man and Artist; with an ...

Kronshtadt

(Encyclopedia)Kronshtadt or Cronstadt both: krənshtätˈ [key], city, NW European Russia, on the small island of Kotlin in the Gulf of Finland, c.15 mi (20 km) from Saint Petersburg. It is one of the chief naval b...

Radek, Karl

(Encyclopedia)Radek, Karl kärl räˈdyĭk [key], 1885–1939?, international Communist leader and journalist, b. Lviv (then in Austrian Poland); his original name was Sobelsohn. Radek participated in the 1905 revo...

Breshkovsky, Catherine

(Encyclopedia)Breshkovsky, Catherine brĕshkôfˈskē [key], 1844–1934, Russian revolutionary, called “the little grandmother (babushka) of the Russian Revolution.” Of a noble family, she began on her father'...

Sholokhov, Mikhail Aleksandrovich

(Encyclopedia)Sholokhov, Mikhail Aleksandrovich mēkhəyĕlˈ əlyĭksänˈdrəvĭch shôˈləkhŏf [key], 1905–84, Russian novelist. Sholokhov won international fame for an epic novel of his native land, The Sil...

Gippius, Zinaida Nikolayevna

(Encyclopedia)Gippius, Zinaida Nikolayevna zēnīēˈdə nyĭkəlīˈəvnə gēˈpēo͝os [key], pseud. Anton Krainy, 1869–1945, Russian writer. Her St. Petersburg salon was a meeting place (1905–17) for young ...

Luxemburg, Rosa

(Encyclopedia)Luxemburg, Rosa rōˈzä lo͝okˈsəmbo͝ork [key], 1871–1919, German revolutionary, b. Russian Poland. Her revolutionary activities forced her to flee to Switzerland in 1889, where she became a Mar...

soviet

(Encyclopedia)soviet, primary unit in the political organization of the former USSR. The term is the Russian word for council. The first soviets were revolutionary committees organized by Russian socialists in the ...