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Elijah ben Solomon

(Encyclopedia)Elijah ben Solomon, 1720–97, Jewish scholar, called the Gaon of Vilna, b. Lithuania. A leading Jewish scholar of his time, he opposed the spread of Hasidism in Lithuania and Poland because he feared...

Fortuny, Mariano

(Encyclopedia)Fortuny, Mariano märēäˈnō fōrto͞oˈnē [key], 1838–74, Spanish genre painter, etcher, and watercolorist. Sent to Morocco in 1859 to paint war scenes, he made many brilliant sketches of North ...

Hone, Philip

(Encyclopedia)Hone, Philip, 1780–1851, American diarist and politician, b. New York City. With his brother he built up a successful auctioneering business, which he later abandoned for politics. He was mayor of N...

Hallé, Sir Charles

(Encyclopedia)Hallé, Sir Charles hălˈē [key], 1819–95, German-English conductor and pianist, originally named Karl Halle. In 1857 he founded the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester, England He conducted many music...

Anthony of Padua, Saint

(Encyclopedia)Anthony of Padua, Saint, 1195–1231, Portuguese Franciscan, Doctor of the Church, b. Lisbon. He was renowned for his eloquence. According to tradition, in a vision he received the child Jesus in his ...

Glauber, Johann Rudolf

(Encyclopedia)Glauber, Johann Rudolf yōˈhän ro͞oˈdôlf glouˈbər [key], 1604–70, German alchemist. A forerunner of scientific chemists, Glauber made many practical advances in analytical chemistry; he devis...

Guerra Junqueiro, Abílio

(Encyclopedia)Guerra Junqueiro, Abílio äbēˈlyō gĕrˈə zho͝onkāˈrō [key], 1850–1923, Portuguese poet. A revolutionary, he wrote violent satiric poems attacking conservatism, romanticism, and the Church....

Genelli, Bonaventura

(Encyclopedia)Genelli, Bonaventura bōnävānto͞oˈrä jānĕlˈlē [key], 1798–1868, German painter and illustrator. He studied at the Berlin Academy and in Rome. Genelli painted mythological and biblical subje...

American Automobile Association

(Encyclopedia)American Automobile Association (AAA), federation of American automobile clubs, est. 1902. AAA provides a number of benefits to its members, including emergency road service; national and internationa...

Flagg, James Montgomery

(Encyclopedia)Flagg, James Montgomery, 1877–1960, American painter, illustrator, and author, b. Pelham Manor, N.Y. He studied in New York City, in England, and in Paris. Returning to New York, he rapidly won a re...