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Pregl, Fritz

(Encyclopedia)Pregl, Fritz frĭts prāˈgəl [key], 1869–1930, Austrian physiologist and chemist, M.D. Univ. of Graz, 1894. He taught at the universities of Innsbruck (1910–13) and Graz (from 1913). For his met...

fiddler crab

(Encyclopedia)fiddler crab, common name for small, amphibious crabs belonging to the genus Uca. They are characterized by a rectangular carapace (shell) and a narrow abdomen, which is flexed under the body. They ar...

herbicide

(Encyclopedia)herbicide hrˈbəsīdˌ [key], chemical compound that kills plants or inhibits their normal growth. A herbicide in a particular formulation and application can be described as selective or nonselectiv...

chloroprene

(Encyclopedia)chloroprene klōrˈəprēnˌ [key] or 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, colorless liquid organic compound used in the synthesis of neoprene and certain other rubbers. The structure of the chloroprene molecule i...

coal tar

(Encyclopedia)coal tar, product of the destructive distillation of bituminous coal. Coal tar can be distilled into many fractions to yield a number of useful organic products, including benzene, toluene, xylene, na...

iridescence

(Encyclopedia)iridescence ĭrˌədĕsˈəns [key], exhibition of rainbowlike colors on a surface. It usually results from interference when light composed of different wavelengths is reflected from the superficial ...

Gnathustomulida

(Encyclopedia)Gnathustomulida nāˌthyəstəmyo͞oˈlĭdə [key], phylum of microscopic worms described in 1956 that have elongated bodies, cilia, and are hermaphroditic. The 80 known species in this group are geog...

lake, in dyeing

(Encyclopedia)lake, in dyeing, an insoluble pigment formed by the reaction between an organic dye and a mordant. The color of a lake depends upon the mordant as well as the dye used. Generally, lakes are not as col...

Butlerov, Aleksandr Mikhailovich

(Encyclopedia)Butlerov, Aleksandr Mikhailovich əlyĭksänˈdər mēkhīlˈəvĭch bo͞otˈlyərôf [key], 1825–86, Russian chemist. As professor at the Univ. of Kazan he founded the first school of Russian chemi...

Baumeister, Willi

(Encyclopedia)Baumeister, Willi vĭlˈē bouˈmīstər [key], 1889–1955, German artist. Influenced by primitive art and Miro's surrealism, Baumeister created abstractions that contain mechanical and organic forms...