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Heck, Richard Fred

(Encyclopedia)Heck, Richard Fred, 1931–2015, American chemist, b. Springfield, Mass., Ph.D. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, 1954. Heck was a researcher at the Hercules Corporation in Wilmington, Del., from 1957...

silicone

(Encyclopedia)silicone, polymer in which atoms of silicon and oxygen alternate in a chain; various organic radicals, such as the methyl group, CH3, are bound to the silicon atoms. Silicones, which are unusually sta...

mulch

(Encyclopedia)mulch, any material, usually organic, that is spread on the ground to protect the soil and the roots of plants from the effects of soil crusting, erosion, or freezing; it is also used to retard the gr...

carbon disulfide

(Encyclopedia)carbon disulfide, CS2, liquid organic compound; it is colorless, foul-smelling, flammable, and poisonous. It can be prepared by direct reaction of carbon, e.g., as charcoal, with sulfur. It is a widel...

Fallingwater

(Encyclopedia)Fallingwater, Bear Run, Pa., house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. Fallingwater (1936–39) is an architectural tour de force of Wright's organic philosophy, whereby a building should be completely in...

Wittig, Georg

(Encyclopedia)Wittig, Georg, 1897–1987, German chemist, Ph.D. Univ. of Marburg, 1926. During his career, Wittig was a professor at the universities of Braunschweig, Freiburg, Tübingen, and Heidelberg. He shared ...

ether, in chemistry

(Encyclopedia)CE5 Ethers ether, any of a number of organic compounds whose molecules contain two hydrocarbon groups joined by single bonds to an oxygen atom. The most common of these compounds is ethyl ether, C...

MacMillan, David W.C.

(Encyclopedia)MacMillan, David W.C., 1968–, b. Bellshill, U.K. Scotish chemist, James S. McDonnell Distiguished University Professor in Chemistry and ...

heterotroph

(Encyclopedia)heterotroph hĕtˈərətrōfˌ [key], living organism that obtains its energy from carbohydrates and other organic material. All animals and most bacteria and fungi are heterotrophic. In contrast, aut...

Pregl, Fritz

(Encyclopedia)Pregl, Fritz frĭts prāˈgəl [key], 1869–1930, Austrian physiologist and chemist, M.D. Univ. of Graz, 1894. He taught at the universities of Innsbruck (1910–13) and Graz (from 1913). For his met...