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Ostwald, Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia)Ostwald, Wilhelm vĭlˈhĕlm ôstˈvält [key], 1853–1932, German physical chemist and natural philosopher, b. Riga, Latvia. He was professor of chemistry and director of the chemical laboratory (18...

lead chamber process

(Encyclopedia)lead chamber process: see sulfuric acid. ...

oil of vitriol

(Encyclopedia)oil of vitriol: see sulfuric acid. ...

glycine

(Encyclopedia)CE5 glycine glīˈsēn [key], organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Glycine is the only one of these amino acids that is not optically active, i.e., it does...

proline

(Encyclopedia)CE5 proline prōˈlēn [key], organic compound, one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins. Only the l-stereoisomer appears in mammalian protein. It is not essential to the human d...

phenol, 2,4,6-trinitro-

(Encyclopedia)phenol, 2,4,6-trinitro-, IUPAC name for picric acid. ...

fermentation

(Encyclopedia)fermentation, process by which the living cell is able to obtain energy through the breakdown of glucose and other simple sugar molecules without requiring oxygen. Fermentation is achieved by somewhat...

nitrate

(Encyclopedia)nitrate, chemical compound containing the nitrate (NO3) radical. Nitrates are salts or esters of nitric acid, HNO3, formed by replacing the hydrogen with a metal (e.g., sodium or potassium) or a radic...

benzene, 1,2,3-trihydroxy-

(Encyclopedia)benzene, 1,2,3-trihydroxy-, IUPAC name for pyrogallol. See gallic acid. ...

mutation

(Encyclopedia)mutation, in biology, a sudden, random change in a gene, or unit of hereditary material, that can alter an inheritable characteristic. Most mutations are not beneficial, since any change in the delica...