(Encyclopedia) Innis, Roy (Roy Emile Alfredo Innis), 1934–2017, American civil-rights leader, b. St. Croix, Virgin Islands. A member of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) from 1963, he was its…
(Encyclopedia) New York Times Company v. Sullivan, case decided in 1964 by the U.S. Supreme Court. In 1960, the Times ran a fundraising advertisement signed by civil-rights leaders that criticized,…
civil rights activistBorn: 3/17/1912Birthplace: West Chester, Pa. Rustin was one of the most influential civil rights activists of the 1950s and '60s, yet he maintained a low profile, reserving the…
civil rights activists On Feb. 1, 1960 four Black freshmen at North Carolina A&T State University, Franklin McCain, Joseph McNeil, Ezell Blair, Jr., and David Richmond, took seats at the…
(Encyclopedia) Jim Crow laws, in U.S. history, statutes enacted by Southern states and municipalities, beginning in the 1880s, that legalized segregation between blacks and whites. The name is…
(Encyclopedia) Rustin, Bayard, 1910–87, African-American civil-rights leader, b. West Chester, Pa. He attended three colleges but did not obtain a degree. A Quaker, he was imprisoned as a…
civil-rights attorneyBorn: 1895Birthplace: Washington, D.C. Houston, a powerful advocate of civil rights, helped gain ground for the movement by taking the fight to the court system. Houston earned…
(Encyclopedia) Means, Russell, 1939–2012, Native American activist, b. Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, S.Dak. An Oglala Sioux, he grew up near San Francisco, and attended four colleges but never…
